Charlotte Bay is best known for its combination of glacial scenery and marine wildlife. The surrounding mountains descend toward heavily glaciated coastlines, while the bay itself can contain floating sea ice and icebergs of varying sizes. Whales are regularly encountered in the waters of the Antarctic Peninsula, and seals may also be seen around ice and along the shoreline.

The bay’s environment supports a variety of Antarctic wildlife. Gentoo penguins breed around the shoreline, while skuas and other seabirds can be seen near the colony. Weddell seals and Antarctic fur seals may also occur in the area, particularly around beaches and sea ice. Mount Flora and the surrounding slopes provide a striking backdrop, with exposed rock contrasting against snowfields and glaciers.